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Hà Tiên is a district-level town in Kiên Giang Province, Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Area: 8,851.5 ha, population (2002): 39,957. The town borders Cambodia to the west. Hà Tiên is a popular tourist site of the region thanks to its beautiful beaches and landscapes. ==History== A settlement and a port seem to have existed at the site of the present town of Hà Tiên from a very early period. Ptolemy's ''Geography'' identified a town there as ''Akadra'' and that it was the port for the Cambodian district of ''Pithonobaste'' - Banteay Meas, all this being part of the Kingdom of Funan. The local capital of this district, also called Banteay Meas, was not on the coast, but located about a day's journey up the Giang-thành river. The name ''Banteay Meas,'' meaning "golden ramparts" in Khmer, referred to the bamboo fortifications once used about the town. The town of Hà Tiên was originally known under the Khmer, name of ''Piem'' or ''Peam'' (also Pie, Pam, Bam), the Khmer for "port", "harbour" or "river mouth", while the Vietnamese called it Mang-Kham, from the Vietnamese term for the Khmers, "mang". It was through this port that Buddhism is said to have reach Cambodia, brought there by chance when a ship carrying Buddhaghosa was blown there by a storm in 415 AD. Buddhaghosa had with him the famous Emerald Buddha statue, for many centuries thereafter a state treasure of Cambodia and later Laos, until it was carried away by Thai invaders to be placed at its present location in the Wat Phra Kaew in Bangkok.〔G. E. Gerini, “Notes on the Early Geography of Indo-China”, ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland,'' 1897, p. 557; review of G. E. Gerini, ''Researches in Ptolemy's Geography of Eastern Asia (Further India and Indo-Malay Archipelago)'' (London, Royal Asiatic Society, 1909), in ''The Geographical Journal,'' vol. 37, no.1, January 1911, p. 82; Nicholas Sellers, ''The Princes of Hà-Tiên (1682-1867): the Last of the Philosopher-Princes and the Prelude to the French Conquest of Indochina: a Study of the Independent Rule of the Mac Dynasty in the Principality of Hà-Tiên, and the Establishment of the Empire of Vietnam,'' Brussels, Thanh-long, 1983, p.9.〕 Many works incorrectly referred to Hà-Tiên as “Panthaimas", the early name of the district in which it was located. It was variously spelled as Panday-mas (Khmer), Ponteamass (English) Ponthiamas or Pontheaymas (French), Pontiano (Robert’s Map, 1751), Panthai-mas, Bantaimas, Pontiamas, Pontaimas, Bantay-mas, Banteay M’eas, Pontiamas, Pontiamasse, Po-taimat, and infinite other variations.〔Nicholas Sellers, ''The Princes of Hà-Tiên (1682-1867): the Last of the Philosopher-Princes and the Prelude to the French Conquest of Indochina: a Study of the Independent Rule of the Mac Dynasty in the Principality of Hà-Tiên, and the Establishment of the Empire of Vietnam,'' Brussels, Thanh-long, 1983, p.164.〕 Hà Tiên was established by a small group of Chinese people mostly men who supported the Ming Dynasty and were opposed to the Qing Dynasty, led by Mo Jiu (Mạc Cửu). When they arrived in Đàng Trong (as southern Vietnam was called while under the rule of the Nguyễn lords), the Nguyễn Lords ordered the king of the Cambodia (then a vassal state of Đàng Trong) to grant land to these Chinese people. These people built markets in this place and turned it into a busy business town. Vietnamese people gradually arrived here. This town later was merged into Vietnamese territory when Mo Jiu delivered its sovereignty to the Nguyễn Lords. Mo Jiu was then conferred the position of ruler of this town. It was at this time that the name Hà Tiên (河仙 - "River Spirit"), referring to the guardian deity of the Giang-thành river, was conferred on the town by the Emperor Minh Vương.〔Nicholas Sellers, ''The Princes of Hà-Tiên (1682-1867): the Last of the Philosopher-Princes and the Prelude to the French Conquest of Indochina: a Study of the Independent Rule of the Mac Dynasty in the Principality of Hà-Tiên, and the Establishment of the Empire of Vietnam,'' Brussels, Thanh-long, 1983, p.24.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hà Tiên」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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